Psalm 12 focuses on smooth talkers who with grandiosity and lies oppress the poor. The Psalter asks God to cut off their lips and tongue. In Hebrew there is much ambiguity as to the closing line: Is it a description of what will happen to the deceiver (walking in circles) or does it return to acknowledging the power of connivers in times of low morality, “On every side the wicked roam when baseness is exalted among men” (New Jewish Publication Society).